Théorie

Ghosts without Runaway

I will discuss our recent work Phys.Rev.Lett. 128 (2022) 4, 041301 in which we present a simple class of mechanical models where a canonical degree freedom interacts with another one with a negative kinetic term, i.e., with a ghost. We prove analytically that the classical motion of the system is completely stable for all initial conditions, notwithstanding that the conserved Hamiltonian is unbounded from below and above. Numerical computations fully supported this.

Light Dark Matter: Collective Effects in the Lab and in Stars

Light dark matter candidates, such as axions and hidden photons, call for new ideas in direct detection. I discuss the recently proposed strategy of searching for e.g. axions using tunable cryogenic plasmas. The plasma haloscope enables resonant conversion by matching the axion mass to a plasma frequency, therefore converting axions to plasmons. Metamaterials are promising candidates, as the plasma frequency can be tuned. Besides axions, other dark matter candidates, such as hidden photons and scalars, can be successfully targeted with a plasma haloscope.

Solar mass black holes from neutron stars and bosonic dark matter

Black holes with masses ~1 Msun cannot be produced via stellar evolution. A popular scenario of their formation involves transmutation of neutron stars - by accumulation of dark matter triggering gravitational collapse in the star centers. We show that this scenario can be realized in the models of bosonic dark matter despite the apparently contradicting requirements on the interactions of dark matter particles: on the one hand, they should couple to neutrons strongly enough to be captured inside the neutron stars, on the other, their loop-induced self-interactions impede collapse.

Geometrical aspects of stochastic inflation: a path (integral) to the discretisation ambiguity and its resolution

Langevin equation, Markovian process, multiplicative noise, Fokker-Planck equation, Schwinger-Keldysh formalism and much more... During this seminar, almost organised as a lecture, you will embark on a journey into the world of stochastic processes, with focus on their applications in the early Universe in the context of so-called stochastic inflation. We will begin by discussing how stochasticity emerges from the coarse-graining procedure, necessary to describe the effective dynamics of the largest cosmological scales that are affected by the quantum nature of the small-scale fluctuations.

Baryonic effects in the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure and an analytic recipe for lensing in CMB-S4

Upcoming Large-Scale Structure surveys will likely become the next leading sources of cosmological information, making it crucial to have a precise understanding of the influence of baryons on cosmological observables. The Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure (EFTofLSS) provides a consistent way to predict the clustering of dark matter and baryons on large scales, where their leading corrections in perturbation theory are given by a simple and calculable functional form even after the onset of baryonic processes.

Black Hole Stability Properties: from Instability of Extremal Kerr to Violation of Cosmic Censorship

Black holes in the Universe do not exist in isolation but, rather, they are surrounded by matter. It is therefore important to study the stability properties of black holes under matter field perturbations. In this talk we will discuss the stability properties under classical field perturbations of several rotating (Kerr) black hole spacetimes.

Probing inflation at small scales with the stochastic gravitational wave background

Departures of inflation from the single-field slow-roll paradigm, also known as “features”, are common in ultraviolet completions of inflation. These departures can be significant at small scales where Cosmic Microwave Background data is not constraining. I will explain how such features during inflation can be tested through their gravitational wave signal. In particular, I will show that features lead to a characteristic oscillation in the stochastic gravitational wave background.

Cosmological observables and their combinatorial origin

QFT in nearly dS space-times and, more generally, in FRW backgrounds allows us to describe correlations at the end of inflation. However, how to extract fundamental physics out of them is still a challange: we do not even know how fundamental pillars such as causality and unitarity of time evolution constrain them. In this talk I will report on a recent program that aims to construct quantum mechanical observables in cosmology directly from first principles without making any reference to time evolution.

Spinning black holes fall in Love

The open question of whether a black hole can become tidally deformed by an external gravitational field has profound implications for fundamental physics, astrophysics and gravitational-wave astronomy. Love tensors characterize the tidal deformability of compact objects such as astrophysical (Kerr) black holes under an external static tidal field. We prove that all Love tensors vanish identically for a Kerr black hole in the nonspinning limit or for an axisymmetric tidal perturbation. In contrast to this result, we show that Love tensors are generically nonzero for a spinning black hole.

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